Category Archives: Technology

Dialing Up The Web

When I first met Stephen Kiernan over 15 years ago, my business partner, mentor, friend, and the former CEO of Algonquin Studios was already an experienced programmer, analyst, and professional consultant. Just a few years earlier, I'd been in college working on sites for this new thing called “the World Wide Web” but by the time Algonquin Studios was hired to build a claims adjudication system for a national third-party administrator people had decided that this “Internet” thing probably wasn't going away.

Early in his career, Steve worked in a software development package called KnowledgeMan, an all-in-one database / UI / business logic development environment. He'd kept up his technical chops in the Microsoft Windows environment as the databases became separate and 4GL languages were taken over by object-oriented ones. I viewed him as supremely technically savvy for someone I then viewed as an “old guy,” which is why I found it funny that Steve, despite his keen mind, didn't use any of the terms for the web that my other partners and me, or anyone else we knew, used. Instead, he used these weird terms that harkened back to the days of Tomcat BBS. As an example, when he wanted us to see something on the Internet, he'd always say “Dial up that web site” as though he was expecting the screech of a modem at the beginning of each browser launch. This engendered more than a little good natured ribbing from the other partners and myself in those early days when half of the work day was sitting around trying to figure out how to be a business that didn't make “real” things.

In the last year, I turned the same age that Stephen was when I first met him. In looking back over those years I realized how many of his antiquated (in the sense that things that are older than three years are ancient in the technical world) ways of referencing things had become my own. Not that I'd adopted his specific terms so much as developed my own which must seem equally ridiculous and anachronistic to the young men and women we have hired.

Its not that I don't know what I am talking about. It's said that it takes 10,000 hours to become an expert and as anyone who has started a business knows, you invest far more than 2,080 hours a year to grow one. Technology doesn't grow at a pace that can outstrip that much effort and experience, at least not in just a few years. Instead, it becomes a badge of honor to reference those earlier days when things seemed simpler, whether they really were or not. There is an implication that somehow the things that are done after what you have been through are less visceral and meaningful; somewhere between “you kids have it easy” and “standing on the shoulders of giants.”

Steve could have done all of what we did. Most of the technology was based on things he'd done early in his career. Still, as far as the web was concerned, he decided that it was best left for new dogs. It may be that you can't escape the technological mindset that you have when you are young and obligation free enough to throw yourself fully into the technology and as you get older you eventually hit a threshold after which the only thing that matters is whether something works… not whether you made it with your own hands. What he kept for himself and shared was his reflections on his triumphs and mistakes and the lessons he'd learned working in those early systems that were in some ways much simpler and in some ways so much more complicated than what we were doing. I know it was a hard transition for him to make… from player to coach, especially now that I find myself in the dug out with my only at-bats in a cage demonstrating mostly to myself that I can still hit the ball.

More than once I have found myself using my own “backward” terminology with my team on purpose, like an inside joke with only one participant. I wonder now whether it was really Steve who was the one messing with us when he used to “dial up” that web site instead of the other way around.

I do find it ironic after all those years of chastising him for it we are now on the verge of having the majority of web use being from mobile devices. It turns out that maybe Steve was right in hanging on to that old dial-up reference. We are now far more likely to use a phone to get to a web site (or at least web services) than we are to make a call. I was recently looking at my phone and found myself thinking “Why do I have the phone icon pinned to every screen when there are plenty of apps I use WAY more often?” Perhaps it's time to revisit some of his other anachronisms to mine them for the next big thing. After all, don't they say everything old is new again?

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Learn from my mistakes: Switching to Mac

Last year, in order to work on a project targeted at the iPhone, I switched my primary computer to a Macbook Pro. At that point I hadn’t used a Mac in over 20 years, so it was a significant transition for me. After about 8 months, I am generally very pleased with the Mac so I thought I’d share some of the things that I have learned in the transition.

You still need Windows.
The Mac comes with a lot of great software, but you are almost certainly going to need Windows. Because of Apple’s relatively small market share, lots of applications are not available for the Mac. Visio, Subversion, and numerous financial packages just aren’t available for Mac. If you use Exchange, support for Outlook on the Mac is severely diminished (see below.)

There are a number of solutions for running Windows as a VM on the Mac, and my personal recommendation is Parallels Dekstop for Mac. In Parallels, you can create a VM and run the software in what they call “Confluence” mode, which allows you to run Windows applications on the Mac desktop instead of having a separate Windows desktop (which you can also do.) It also allows you to merge your Windows and Mac Desktops, Documents, Pictures, etc. The best part about having the Windows VM is that its just a file so you can back it up. And Mac’s Time Machine is nice enough to let you restore an older version when an Windows Update goes awry.

Quick tip: Make sure for Mac has at least 8GB of RAM (sorry Air owners) to get good performance from both systems. Of course, a shiny new Retina Mac with 16GB will work even better.

Another Quick Tip: The Mac Remote Desktop Client is also crash-prone. If you need to connect to another machine via Terminal Service, do so with a Windows Client.

Key Mapping is Key
The Mac keyboard is greatly simplified compared to the Windows keyboard and the most notable omission is the Backspace key. When running a Windows VM this key acts as the Backspace and Option-Delete acts as Delete. Similarly, All your standard “Control” options (Cut, Copy, Paste) use the Command key on the Mac instead of the Control key (which is still there.) Fortunately, Windows reads both Control and Command as Control, so you can get into the habit of always using Command.

Quick tip: You can map keys between the VM and Mac. If you are using Parallels in Desktop mode, I recommend Mapping Control-Option-Command-Delete to Control-Alt-Delete in the VM. That way, you don’t have to use a mouse to unlock or log into your Windows desktop.

Email is Apparently a Deprecated Technology
Email on iOS is WAY better than on the Mac. Don’t expect the iOS experience for mail if you use Exchange.

To connect to Exchange, you need to use Apple Mail or Outlook and neither is a great option. The Mac version of Outlook 2011 lacks many of the features of the software available on Windows and doesn’t use PST files, so you can’t just attach to old mail archives (all mail must be imported.) It can’t talk to Exchange 2003 so if you are n a split environment you won’t be able to view other users calendars or folders and Outlook for Mac only supports one server address, so if you use an internal work Exchange server and you at home you will have to connect to a VPN to access it.

Apple Mail / iCal / Address Book appear to connect easily and support internal / external addresses with auto resolution,  but I had problems getting them to reliably sync, which is not a problem I had on iOS. This caused issues with contact updates not coming through and periodically I’d have to Force Quit Apple Mail to get it to start syncing again. I can only hope the convergence in the newest release of MacOS will resolve this. Additionally, using Apple’s tools won’t allow you to see shared calendars, so if that is important to you, consider installing the Windows version of Outlook on your windows VM. I have tried both and have recently switched back from Apple Mail to using Outlook and when I am at home, using Outlook web access (or my iOS devices.) At this point, OWA is getting sophisticated enough that it may be all you need (though you’ll likely still need two separate URLs to connect at work and at home.)

If you use the Outlook for Windows solution, get used to Option-Delete to remove junk mail. Just hitting Delete is the same as the Backspace so it will navigate you to the previous screen instead of removing messages.

Turn on Single Touch clicks
The Macbook track pad has a lot of resistance for clicks. In the Track Pad settings, you can turn on single touch clicking so you only have to tap the track pad to get it to respond.

Where’s my Menu?
In Windows, the main application menu is always on the application window you are working in but on the Mac, the main menu always appears at the top of the screen. This takes a lot of getting used to… especially when working on multiple screens and having to go to the main window to access the “File” menu.

Closing Apps Doesn’t Close Them. Except when it Does
On Windows, I expect the “X”  in the title bar to kill the application. On the Mac, some applications do close (Address Book) but some only close the window you are working with and leave the core application running (Safari, MS Word, etc.)

Add Windows Explorer to your Task Bar
If you make a lot of use of tools that are integrated into the Windows Explorer and go the Confluence route with Parallels, Adding the Windows Explorer bar to your Dock makes things a lot easier. Finder integration is limited.

You probably don’t need Adobe (unless you are a designer)
Preview does a great job of rendering PDFs, so there is no need for Acrobat Reader and you don’t need anything special to make PDFs. Mac has the built in ability to make PDFs right from the “Print” option in any program. At the bottom left of the Print dialog is a “PDF” option. You can also use the built in Preview application to merge multiple PDFs into one. Simply open a PDF, open the Sidebar view and drag additional PDF documents to the Sidebar. When you are done, Print using the PDF option outlined above and you’ll get a merged PDF.

If you just occasionally edit photos and  you don’t want to shell out a few hundred dollars for Adobe licenses, consider using Seashore. This is a great little program that does all the key features the casual user is likely to need for photo editing for free. Or check out the App Store.

Quick Tip: You are, of course, going to install Flash and Adobe has a nasty habit of putting its uninstallers in Launch Pad (which you can’t move to the Trash Can.) Instead, create a folder to hold the Adobe junk and put it in a Launch Pad window far off to the right of all of your other applications.

Up Up Down Down Left… Magic Key Combos.
You can capture any screen with COMMAND-SHIFT-3. You can select an area of a screen to capture with COMMAND-SHIFT-4. In both cases, the results are saved to your desktop. Add CONTROL to the key stroke and get the images captured to your clipboard instead.

Like Windows, you can switch between apps with COMMAND-TAB. However, you can also switch between Windows within the current application by using COMMAND-~. This is super helpful if you have multiple windows open in Safari, word, etc.

Quick Tip: Apple provides an updated list of general and application specific short-cuts.


Directly Engage your Tech Partner to Avoid “Used Car Sales” Experience

The Internet has brought the worlds of marketing and technology together and customers expect their advertising agencies to be able to provide full service solutions on the web and social media. These solutions often include integration with internal systems and data that fall outside the core competences of the agency, who aren’t able to support the technology staff to provide these services on-demand and seek external partners to provide software solutions. Unfortunately, many companies feel that having an outside vendor provide technology solutions puts them at a disadvantage in the eyes of clients (and prospects) and try to funnel all communication through the agency and prevent the technology partner from directly interacting with the client.

I have written previously about the fundamental differences between solving technical and creative problems and this kind of collaborative solution demands both. Advertising and marketing firms are oriented to solve creative problems, but account executives often lack the training to perform the critical analysis necessary to define the requirements necessary for software development. When the agency buffers the tech provider from the end client, AEs aren’t able to provide feedback on how (and if) an objective can be accomplished or give “ballpark” pricing on items that come up during brainstorming. This means that every discussion requires the agency to go back to the software provider. I liken this to the “I have to ask my manager…” experience of buying a car. Is there any sales experience more frustrating as a consumer? This breeds distrust between the client and the AE – exactly the experience the agency was trying to avoid by keeping the solution provider away from the client. We have a saying at Algonquin Studios: “You will do what you fear most” and this is a perfect example. The things you fear drive your actions and inevitably it back fires. Like getting caught in a lie, the best way to avoid it is to tell the truth from the start. Face your fears honestly… problems delayed are problems expanded.

Advertising and marketing agencies need to educate their clients that technology providers are like the other traditional vendors (printers and media companies) they outsource to because they offer specialized services better suited to an organization designed around those competencies. Similarly, software vendors need to educate their agency customers about the added value they can bring when they are at the table with the customer.

Finally, if you are an agency that is afraid you will be cut out of business by your technology partner, get a new partner.

 


Design Great Tablet Apps by Making Users Forget They’re on a Tablet

According to Pew Internet, tablet ownership doubled over the 2011 holiday season, with nearly 20% of adult Americans now owning tablet computers. In combination with widespread high-speed wireless Internet service, the market for business-to-business applications for these tablets is set for explosive growth. Targeted sales applications represent a signficant area for innovation since videos, schematics, product specifications, and other documents can be easily transported and presented – either directly on the tablet or to on-site monitors or projectors via optional cables. In essence, it’s a sales manager’s dream come true… especially for organizations that have highly structured sales processes backed by well researched tools.

Pulse Reader for iPad

In a recent brainstorming session with a client, I was asked what features of tablets should be incorporated in the design of this kind of application to really make it stand above other apps or a traditional web site displayed on the tablet (when I say “tablet” I mean the iPad style device with “Apps” not simply a computer without a keyboard.) The client’s question got me thinking about where the real value in tablets lies and how that translates to design. To evaluate this, we have to think first about what it is that makes a tablet special. More often than not, tablets are marketed as being light, easy to use computers. But they aren’t the same as the computers we use for business.

The core value of the tablet is only its form-factor, portability, and battery life. Thanks to solid state memory tablets are light-weight. The limited scope of applications and single-tasking (or more appropriately “serial-tasking”) allow much longer run-times than a laptop. Tablets allow us to have a “book” with a whole library of information stored in something that you can hold in one hand. But to achieve this we give up a lot of great things from the world of PCs and laptops. On tablets:

  • peripherals are limited;
  • virtual keyboards require as many as three clicks to get to essential characters like the equal sign;
  • meta-applications (like plug-ins for the OS’s file manager) aren’t applied to every app that could take advantage of them;
  • devices have small screen sizes;
  • precision control either does not exist (on capacitive touch devices like the iPad) or requires a stylus that is easy to lose and hard to use.

These factors combine with the nature of the applications we’ve come to expect on these devices to create an experience that is wholly unlike the things that make PCs great, such as:

  • True multitasking;
  • dragging and dropping between applications;
  • fine control over drawing / selection (for photo manipulation, CAD, or design work;)
  • context-sensitive menuing;
  • comparing documents side-by-side and referencing the Internet while working on documents.

Since most netbooks and the new “ultrabooks” similarly address portability and battery life nearly as well as tablets but have all the features of PCs, form factor / user interface are all that remain (outside of some hardware that most tablets now have standard like the accelerometer, GPS, camera, and compass.) to differentiate tablets from other computers. Tablet interfaces are significantly less feature rich than even the most basic Mac or Windows netbook. But of course, it IS the form factor and interface that is the whole point of the tablet and that is where the way we think about application design really changes.

Good design for tablets isn’t about taking advantage of some special features only tablets have – it is about providing users with a way to achieve the workflows they have become accustomed to on their PCs while using the tablet. It isn’t about something new, but reinventing something old and something lost in the translation to the new platform. Take Apple’s email interface built into iOS: I can’t count the number of new iPad owners who have complained to me that they could not simply multi-select messages to be moved or deleted. Of course you CAN… but not how you’d expect (instead of dragging to select messages or holding SHIFT and selecting, users click a button and get radio buttons to select multiple messages and instead of dragging to move messages to a folder, users select the action to move and pick the folder.) Apple has been forced to provide an alternate way to achieve something that the interface doesn’t accommodate in the expected fashion.

My Fitness Pal for iPad

So the obvious challenge faced by designers of tablet applications is that the expectations left over from the PC experience are many. But a more daunting challenge is that very few new conventions have been set in the tablet world. Without a standard way of replicating the workflows of the desktop, designers are forced to try different things and until a particular way of interacting with apps to resolve a workflow issue becomes dominant, users will be unable to simply “pick up” an application based on prior experience. This prevents designers from relying on user expectations the way they do on a desktop and, to a lesser degree, the web and extends the design process. It also means that application developers will be forced to eventually modify applications to accommodate the dominant convention once it emerges and this refactoring means fewer resources will be available to develop new features for these applications.

The Holy Grail of tablet design is, of course, to develop a way of working that is so intuitive and easy that it makes the transition back to the world of the PC… assuming we still have PCs by then.

 


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